MD. NAZMUL HASAN SHAHIN1, MD. AMZAD HOSSAIN2, ARIF MAHMUD1, PARTHA SHARATHI KAR3 and MD. JAHANGIR ALAM4*
1Area Trialing Lead, Syngenta Bangladesh Limited, Dhaka, Bangladesh, 2National Sales Manager (Seed), Alesha Agro Limited, Dhaka, 3Assistant Professor, Department of Agricultural Studies, Jamshed Ali Memorial Degree College, Sherpur and 4Senior Scientific Officer, Cotton Research Station, Cotton development Board, Chapainawabganj, Bangladesh. *Corresponding author’s Email: jahangircdb@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
The study was carried out at the Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Dumki, Patuakhali, Bangladesh from April to August 2013 to investigate genetic advancement and the interrelationship of fourteen important characters, including grain yield. The study demonstrated a strong positive correlation between rice yield and seed weight as well as a positive correlation between flower and maturity. Cluster analysis, Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and correlation were used to categorize the major characters that account for the variation in yield contributing traits. Data were recorded at maturity, panicle plant-1, rice yield, flag leaf length, flag leaf width, filled grain, dry matter, plant height and harvest index. The first three PCs with Eigen value >1 contributed 80.75% variability among the rice varieties. The genotypes were grouped into five clusters through multivariate analysis. Cluster V contained a maximum number of genotypes (8) while clusters I (2), II (3), III and IV contained the least number of genotypes (1). In all cases, the inter-cluster distances were greater than those of intra-cluster distances, which indicate a wider genetic diversity among the genotypes. The maximum and minimum inter-cluster distances were observed between cluster II and IV (61.59), III and V (14.43), respectively. The genotypes of clusters were found to be both diverse and closely related. The spikelet fertility and yield showed a higher contribution to the genetic divergence among 14 characters. Based on genetic diversity results and maturity index, cluster II (BRRI dhan 27, BRRI dhan 43 and BRRI dhan 48) genotypes could be used to develop the short-term rice variety as following the standard procedure.
Keywords: Rice (Oryza sativa L.), Genetic diversity, Maturity and Grain yield.