ROTNA KHATUN1
1Scientific Officer, Bangladesh Jute Research Institute, Manik Mia Avenue, Dhaka-1215, Bangladesh.
E-mail: rkrotna1050@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
The study was conducted at the Cytogenetics department, Bangladesh Jute Research Institute during the period from January 2023 to October 2023.Somaclonal variation refers to genetic variation that occurs in plants regenerated from tissue cultures, either naturally or induced by the tissue culture process. This variation can be observed as cytological abnormalities, which means changes in the structure or number of chromosomes. Somaclonal variation can also result in frequent qualitative and quantitative phenotypic mutations, which means changes in the observable traits of the plant, such as its size, shape, color, or yield. Additionally, somaclonal variation can lead to sequence changes, which means alterations in the DNA sequence of the plant’s genome. Gene activation and silencing can also occur as a result of somaclonal variation, which means that certain genes may become more or less active than they were in the original plant. The aims of somaclonal variation are starting new varieties especially in the case of expanding ornamental plant species and characteristics such as resistance to a spectrum of diseases, pathotoxins, herbicides and biotic and abiotic stresses in plants. It increases the production of secondary metabolites. This review tells the creation of somaclonal variation on Jute through tissue culture.
Keywords: Mutagenesis, Genetic, Somaclonal variation, Callus and Tissue culture.
* Review paper